Impact of Solid Waste Disposal in Calabar Metropolis of Cross River State

Abstract

Solid waste disposal remains a critical environmental challenge in many urban centres of Nigeria, including Calabar Metropolis in Cross River State. This study investigates the environmental, health, and socio-economic impacts of improper solid waste disposal in the metropolis. Using a mixed-methods approach involving field surveys, interviews, and analysis of secondary data, the research reveals that indiscriminate dumping, inadequate waste collection infrastructure, and weak enforcement of environmental regulations contribute significantly to environmental degradation, blocked drainage systems, and increased incidence of vector-borne diseases. The findings also highlight the adverse effects on local livelihoods, property values, and overall urban aesthetics. The study recommends the implementation of an integrated solid waste management system, increased public awareness, and stronger institutional frameworks to promote sustainable waste practices. Addressing these challenges is vital for improving public health, environmental quality, and the liveability of Calabar Metropolis.