PENDIDIKAN BERBASIS ADAT DAN TRADISI SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGUATAN IDENTITAS SOSIAL UMAT HINDU DI BALI

Abstract

Custom- and tradition-based education plays an important role in maintaining thereligious, cultural, and social identity of Hindus in Bali. This study aims to examine the roleof custom- and tradition-based education in strengthening the social identity of Hindus andto identify the challenges and opportunities in passing values on to the younger generation.This study used a descriptive qualitative approach and was conducted in TengananPegringsingan Traditional Village, Karangasem Regency, Bali, from January to March2026. The informants consisted of 10 people, including traditional leaders, religious leaders,teachers, religious education or pasraman managers, and young people. Data were collectedthrough interviews, observation, and documentation and were analyzed thematically. Thefindings show that custom- and tradition-based education is carried out through religious,traditional, family, social, and cultural activities. These activities help young peopleunderstand and practice the values of Tri Hita Karana, Tat Twam Asi, and Karma Phala intheir daily lives. Custom-based education strengthens social identity through habituation,role modeling, direct experience, and community participation. The main challenges includechanges in young people's interests, the influence of technology and external cultures,intergenerational transmission of values, and changes in community lifestyles. Opportunitiesinclude community involvement and the use of technology as a learning and culturalpreservation medium. These findings indicate that cooperation among families, traditional villages, religious leaders, schools, and young people is important for sustaining custom-based education and the social identity of Hindus in Bali.