Analysis on Seasonal Distribution of PM 2.5 Concentration and Control Measures in Foshan City

Abstract

Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) pollution poses severe threats to urban residents’ physical health. As a core manufacturing hub, Foshan generates massive air pollutant emissions and is under prominent pressure in air pollution prevention and control. Taking Foshan as the research object, this paper explores the seasonal distribution characteristics of urban PM 2.5 and corresponding pollution control measures. Literature analysis and case study are adopted as the main research methods. Spatially, PM 2.5 concentrations are higher in northern and central Foshan (Sanshui, Nanhai, Chancheng) and lower in the south (Shunde, Gaoming); temporally, concentrations peak in autumn and winter and reach minimum in summer, with an additional morning rush-hour peak (08:00–09:00) in diurnal cycles. The results show that PM 2.5 concentrations in Foshan present obvious seasonal variations, with higher pollution levels in winter. Manufacturing emissions act as the primary local pollution source. Targeted industrial regulation, joint regional prevention and vegetation optimization can effectively reduce PM 2.5 concentration and improve urban atmospheric environment quality.