Project Anonymous: A Quantum-Resistant Secure Communication Platform with Post-Quantum Cryptography

Abstract

This paper presents Project Anonymous, an open-source platform for real-time voice, video, and text communication, deployable on both web browsers and Android, built entirely on the NIST-standardized ML-KEM-1024 (FIPS 203) and ML-DSA-87 (FIPS 204) primitives. Inorder to secure from Shor’s algorithm offering a reduced polynomial-time path in breaking RSA and ECC encryptions, where both schemes remain in widespread use across real-time applications, whose traffic is already being harvested under so-called "Harvest Now, Decrypt Later" (HNDL) operations. Rather than layering post-quantum algorithms on top of existing classical ones, Project Anonymous removes classical asymmetric cryptography from the WebRTC stack entirely, replacing it throughout with lattice-based primitives. Signaling and peer discovery are handled by an ephemeral, in-memory relay that never touches session keys or plaintext content. On mid-range Android hardware, generating the combined ML-KEM-1024 and ML-DSA-87 key pair took under 580 ms in our tests; per-message encryption added roughly 15 ms; and overall connection-setup overhead stayed within 3% of a standard WebRTC baseline. The system targets NIST Security Level 5. These results suggest that migrating latency-sensitive, real-time applications to post-quantum standards is not a distant goal, it is achievable today, on hardware people already own.