Secure random sequence extraction via multidimensional 16-QAM in hollow-core fiber-wireless integrated transmission

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a multi-dimensional 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) high-security modulation scheme for random sequence extraction, which has been experimentally validated in a hollow-core fiber-W band seamless integrated communication system. The implementation combines 4D modulation with random sequence extraction to achieve both probabilistic shaping (PS) and geometric shaping (GS) while enabling flexible adjustment of source entropy (SE). Dual chaotic models are employed to encrypt physical-layer transmission data. Experimental verification was conducted in a 1.5 km hollow-core fiber (HCF) and a 2.3 m wireless transmission system utilizing 100 GHz photonics-aided W-band communication with a transmission rate of 4 Gb/s. Results demonstrate that the proposed scheme achieves a maximum optical power gain of 0.2 dB under identical data rates while ensuring the encrypted information remains inde-cipherable at unauthorized receivers. These findings indicate that the proposed scheme effectively enhances system performance and guarantees data transmission security, demonstrating promising prospects for future wireless