An Investigation on the Applications of Computer-Assisted Programming in Selected Genetic Algorithms

Abstract

Mendelian genetics provides a fundamental theoretical framework for understanding the mechanisms of inheritance. However, manually calculating the possible genotype and phenotype ratios in crosses involving multiple genes and sex-linked traits is not an easy task. In this study, a Java-based genetic program was developed to systematically calculate the possible offspring genotypes and phenotypes using the genotype and sex information of two individuals. The program generates gamete combinations by considering user-defined gene–phenotype relationships, produces all possible offspring genotypes, and determines phenotypes according to dominant–recessive allele interactions. The resulting data are presented in tabular form, with genotype and phenotype ratios expressed as percentages. The developed program enables rapid and accurate analysis of Mendelian genetics–based crosses and provides evidence of its potential as an effective teaching and analytical tool in biology and genetics education.