Artificial intelligence-driven green economy and sustainability transformation in South Africa: Insights from a systematic literature review

Abstract

This study conducts a systematic literature review to explore the development of an AI-driven Green Economy and Sustainability Transformation (AIGE-ST) model tailored for South Africa. In response to the country's pressing environmental, economic, and social challenges, this research investigates the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI), green economy principles, and sustainable development strategies. Through a comprehensive analysis of global-based peer-reviewed literature, policy documents, and book chapters, the study identifies key trends, gaps, and opportunities in applying AI technologies to support climate resilience, sustainable resource management, and inclusive economic growth that are adapted to South Africa context. The findings reveal a fragmented knowledge base, with limited integration between AI, sustainability frameworks, and national policy agendas. The review emphasises the need for a transdisciplinary approach that bridges technological innovation with ethical, regulatory, and socio-economic dimensions. Based on the synthesis of existing works, the study proposes a contextual AIGE-ST model highlighting critical enablers such as integrated data ecosystems, artificial intelligence technologies, digital infrastructure, human capital development, and multi-stakeholder collaboration. This research provides a foundational framework to guide policymakers, researchers, and practitioners in leveraging AI for South Africa’s green and sustainable development transformation.