From Intention to Behavior: Task-Technology Fit, Performance Expectancy, Trust, and Attitude on Students' Use of AI Chatbots as a Learning Support Tool in Jabodetabek

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots represent one of the rapidly developing technologies that have been increasingly integrated across various sectors, including higher education, yet the extent to which this technology is utilized by students to support their learning processes still requires further investigation. This study aims to analyze the use of AI chatbots by students in supporting their academic activities within the higher education context. A quantitative approach was employed involving 9 latent variables and a total sample of 434 respondents, with data analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Squares (Smart PLS). The results reveal that Behavioral Intention to use AI chatbots has a strong and significant influence on actual Use Behavior. The findings contribute to the literature by proposing an integrated framework of AI chatbot adoption and usage while informing effective AI implementation in higher education.