An Intelligent Resonant Wireless Energy Distribution System for IoT Sensor Networks

Abstract

Wireless power transfer (WPT) is a key enabling technology for autonomous Internet of Things (IoT) sensor networks deployed in remote or hard-to-access environments. This article presents an intelligent resonant wireless energy distribution system that integrates power transfer, sensing, communication, and adaptive control within a unified Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) architecture. The proposed system introduces multirole nodes capable of operating as transmitters, relays, or receivers, enabling scalable and battery-free network deployment. A parameterized analytical and simulation framework is developed to model power transfer behavior, and a functional prototype is implemented and experimentally validated. The system incorporates a rule-based adaptive control mechanism and IoT communication (MQTT/HTTP) for real-time monitoring and dynamic power regulation. Experimental results demonstrate wireless energy transfer over distances up to 35 m under controlled conditions, supporting continuous operation of distributed sensor nodes. The proposed approach advances WPT-enabled IoT systems by providing a scalable, energy-autonomous architecture for distributed sensing applications.