Harnessing Phytobiotics for Gut Protection: A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Cangzhu (Atractylodes lancea) in Sustainable Animal Husbandry

Abstract

Simple Summary Cangzhu is the dried rhizome of Atractylodes lancea, a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine. This review examines whether it can support gut health in farm animals and reduce reliance on antibiotic growth promoters. Studies in pigs, poultry, ruminants, and experimental models suggest that Cangzhu extracts and polysaccharides may strengthen the intestinal lining, reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, support immune responses, and favor beneficial gut microorganisms. These effects have been associated with better growth, feed use, intestinal structure, and lower diarrhea rates in some studies. Readers should note that a substantial part of this evidence comes from laboratory (rodent and in vitro) models or from the related species Atractylodes macrocephala (Baizhu) and mixed herbal formulas, whereas direct trials using Cangzhu (A. lancea) itself in farm animals remain limited for several outcomes. However, the chemical composition of Cangzhu varies with plant origin and processing, and effective doses are not yet standardized across animal species. The inclusion levels reported in the primary studies therefore represent experimental study ranges rather than validated nutritional or therapeutic dose recommendations. Larger commercial studies, consistent quality-control markers, and economic assessments are needed before widespread use. Overall, Cangzhu is a promising plant-based feed ingredient for more sustainable animal production, but practical recommendations require further, species-specific validation in the target livestock species.