Barriers to the transition towards a circular economy in the sustainable management of groundwater in Mexico

Abstract

We analyze gaps in groundwater management in Mexico from a circular economy perspective, emphasizing its relevance to environmental and social sustainability through indicators such as household water availability, contribution, and consumption. Using data mining, descriptive statistics and an exploratory linear regression model, the study analyzes indicators of availability, contribution and consumption of water in households, as well as the determinants of groundwater deficits in the hydrological-administrative regions of Mexico. The findings reveal inefficiencies and inequities in resource use. Additionally, exploratory econometric results show that groundwater deficits cannot be explained solely by hydrological availability or to population growth, suggesting the importance of structural and institutional factors. It is concluded that these challenges require moving towards a circular economy approach that ensures sustainable and equitable use of water, in line with Sustainable Development Goal 6.