Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Premenopausal Breast Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study in Türkiye

Abstract

Objective: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Studies on the link between dietary inflammation and breast cancer risk have shown inconsistent results. This study aimed to evaluate the relationships between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), the Dietary Phytochemical Index (DPI), and breast cancer risk.Material and Methods: This case-control study included 90 premenopausal women newly diagnosed with breast cancer and 90 age-matched healthy controls. Dietary intake was assessed via 153-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), and DII and DPI scores were calculated. Logistic regression models were used to estimate multivariable odds ratios (ORs) after adjusting for potential confounders.Results: The DII scores of the breast cancer patients (-0.99 ± 0.95) were significantly higher than those of the controls (-1.84 ± 1.15) (p