International approaches to ensuring the economic security of business entities under global challenges

Abstract

Problem Statement. Amid intensifying geoeconomic confrontation, mounting sanctions confrontation and the transformation of the international security environment, business entities increasingly face new challenges to economic security – from restricted access to critical technologies and supply chains to tightened investment and export controls imposed by states. This problem is particularly acute for Ukrainian business entities operating under full-scale armed aggression and transitioning to post-war economic recovery, while the existing domestic scholarship largely leaves unaddressed a systematized comparative analysis of institutional and corporate international approaches to ensuring economic security. The purpose is to systematize international institutional and corporate approaches to ensuring the economic security of business entities and to substantiate, on this basis, the component structure of the relevant system under global challenges. Methods. The research methodology is based on the use of general scientific (theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, classification) and specific (comparative, structural-functional and statistical analysis, institutional approach, graphical and tabular methods, system approach) methods. The information base of the study comprises analytical materials of the World Economic Forum, the European Commission, the OECD, independent think tanks (CSIS, Global Policy Watch), and scientific publications indexed in Scopus and Web of Science for 2021–2026. Results. Institutional (the EU Economic Security Strategy, trilateral coordination among the US, Japan and the Republic of Korea, OECD monitoring, national foreign direct investment screening mechanisms in 19 EU member states) and corporate (ERM, ESRM, organizational resilience index) approaches to ensuring the economic security of business entities are systematized. The subsidiarity principle of state intervention and the growing role of harmonized investment-screening regulation in the EU are confirmed. A six-component model of the economic security of a business entity is substantiated, encompassing financial, production-logistical, technological and informational, institutional-legal, managerial-personnel, and partnership components. Conclusions. An effective system of economic security of a business entity requires mutually coordinated integration of institutional and corporate levels of risk management under global challenges; the constructed component model can serve as a practical benchmark for Ukrainian business entities in shaping their own economic security policy amid post-war recovery and deepening European integration.