Sensus Ekonomi dalam Hukum Islam: Komparasi dengan Ketentuan Zakat Sebagai Instrumen Keadilan Ekonomi

Abstract

Background. Development policies require a foundation of data derived from the economic census. Zakat fosters equitable distribution, social justice, and public welfare. The similarities and differences between the census and zakat warrant further elaboration. Aim. This study aims to analyze the status of the Economic Census from the perspective of Islamic law and its relevance to zakat provisions as an instrument of economic justice. Methods. This normative legal research employs a library-based methodology utilizing statutory, conceptual, comparative, and Islamic legal approaches. The sources of legal material are analyzed using descriptive-qualitative and prescriptive methods. Results. The Economic Census serves an epistemic function by providing data to support evidence-based policy. Zakat performs normative and redistributive functions through the distribution of wealth to eligible recipients. While the census and zakat differ in their objectives and mechanisms, they share a common goal: realizing the public good, equitable welfare distribution, and economic justice within the framework of maqāṣid al-sharī'ah. The census acts as a tool to support equitable economic policy without supplanting the role of zakat as a mechanism for wealth redistribution under Islamic law.