ELECTROCHEMICAL NANOSENSORS FOR EARLY DISEASE DIAGNOSIS: A CHEMISTRY-DRIVEN APPROACH TO AFFORDABLE HEALTHCARE

Abstract

The early diagnosis of diseases significantly enhances the chances of successful treatment and reduces healthcare costs. Electrochemical nanosensors, integrating advances in chemistry, nanotechnology, and materials science, have emerged as powerful tools in clinical diagnostics. These sensors combine high sensitivity, selectivity, rapid response, and portability, making them ideal for point-of-care testing (POCT). This chapter explores the fundamental principles, material designs, sensing mechanisms, and applications of electrochemical nanosensors for early disease diagnosis. Emphasis is placed on how chemistry facilitates the fabrication and optimization of nanosensors tailored for healthcare applications. Furthermore, this work addresses current challenges and future perspectives for translating lab-scale innovations to practical, affordable diagnostic tools aligned with global health goals.