An IoT-Based Offline Emergency Alert System for Personal Safety with Automated Distress Detection

Abstract

Personal safety, specifically female one, is one of the most important issues because more and more cases of harassment and assault occur in the population and isolated spaces. Quick reaction and effective communication in emergency situations are needed, but most of the available safety tools are based on smartphones and the Internet, which might not be accessible in areas with low signal locations. To overcome this drawback, the paper offers the design of an IoT-based safety system that can track its location in real-time with no internet connectivity. The proposed system integrates an ESP32 microcontroller and GSM and GPS modules that would relay SOS alerts using SMS, as well as, accurate location data, to the pre-registered contacts and the authorities in the area. The system constantly measures the pulse rate of the user to identify possible distress cases. As a confirmation mechanism, a vibration-based mechanism is provided that enables the user to cancel false alerts before they are sent. Without cancellation, the system sends emergency notifications automatically, which means there is a critical situation. The proposed solution ensures timely and reliable communication of improving personal safety through real-time tracking and immediate emergency response without depending on the internet connection.