The role of FGD1 protein in tumor progression

Abstract

The aim of the study was to systematize and summarize current data on the role of the faciogenital dysplasia 1 protein (FGD1) in the mechanisms of progression and metastasis of multiple malignancies including breast carcinoma, osteosarcoma, melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and acinar prostate carcinoma. Material and Methods. We reviewed local and international publications registered in the MedLine/ PubMed databases over the past 15 years. Results. The review examines the molecular mechanisms by which FGD1 regulates cancer progression and metastasis. The FGD1 gene, located at the X chromosome, encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that specifically activates the gtpase CDC42. Through its effectors, FGD1 is involved in numerous signaling pathways, including gene expression, membrane transport, cell polarization, and cytoskeleton organization. Conclusion. A literature review revealed that the FGD1 protein might be a promising target molecule. Further studies of the interactions between the FGD1/CDC42 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways will expand treatment options for multiple malignancies