Profitabilitas dan Likuiditas terhadap Kualitas Laba: Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai Variabel Moderasi pada Perusahaan Makanan dan Minuman BEI 2019–2023

Abstract

Earnings quality reflects the degree of reliability of earnings in representing a company’s financial condition and performance, as well as providing objective information regarding the sustainability of the company’s performance. This study analyzes the effects of profitability and liquidity on earnings quality and examines the role of firm size in moderating the relationships among the variables. The study focuses on manufacturing companies in the food and beverage subsector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2019–2023 period. This study employs a quantitative approach using a descriptive-analytical method. Based on purposive sampling according to predetermined criteria, 25 companies with 125 observations were selected for the 2019–2023 period. The results show that profitability has a significant effect on earnings quality, while liquidity does not have a significant effect. Firm size moderates the effect of profitability on earnings quality but does not moderate the effect of liquidity. These findings indicate the importance of considering internal company characteristics in understanding earnings quality, particularly profitability and firm size as factors that may strengthen these relationships within the context of this study.