Lean Manufacturing e Industria 4.0: modelo de integración tecnológica para la reducción de desperdicios y mejora de la productividad industrial

Abstract

The integration of Lean Manufacturing and Industry 4.0 represents a strategic approach to improving the efficiency and productivity of industrial systems. Lean Manufacturing contributes through the identification and elimination of waste, resource optimisation and continuous improvement, while Industry 4.0 incorporates technologies such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, data analytics, cloud computing, cyber-physical systems and advanced automation. The aim was to analyse the integration of both approaches to identify technological and methodological components focused on waste reduction and productivity improvement. A qualitative, descriptive and documentary study was conducted, structured in accordance with PRISMA 2020 to organise the search, selection and analysis of scientific publications related to production efficiency, digitalisation and industrial innovation. The analysis established that the incorporation of real-time data facilitates the detection of deviations, anticipation of failures, operational control and improvement-oriented decision-making. Integrating both approaches requires the alignment of technology, processes and people to achieve more agile, efficient, adaptable and sustainable production systems, while avoiding technological adoption that is disconnected from operational needs.