Islamic Educational Values in the Relationship between Adat and Sharia: Syekh Sulaiman ar-Rasuli’s Educational Thought

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the Islamic educational values embedded in Syekh Sulaiman ar-Rasuli’s concept of the relationship between adat and sharia and to examine their relevance to contemporary Islamic education. This study employed a qualitative research design with a content analysis approach. Data were derived from ar-Rasuli’s works and relevant scholarly literature on Islamic education, Minangkabau adat, and his intellectual legacy. The data were analyzed through coding, categorization, contextual interpretation, and conceptual synthesis. The findings indicate that ar-Rasuli’s thought encompasses educational values related to tawhid, morality, trustworthiness, justice, deliberation, leadership, family responsibility, social solidarity, independence, simplicity, and critical cultural preservation. Sharia functions as the normative foundation of education, while adat serves as a social and pedagogical medium for internalizing Islamic values through family, surau, madrasas, and community life. Based on these findings, the study formulates a contextual Islamic education model comprising theological foundations, personal character formation, social development, and cultural transmission. The model highlights the relevance of ar-Rasuli’s thought to character education, religious moderation, social ethics, and culturally grounded Islamic education.