Responsible AI Framework in Healthcare: a People, Process and Technology Perspective

Abstract

AI continues to be adopted in various sectors, one of which is healthcare. AI adoption in healthcare needs to be a key focus to prevent risks related to human life. However, the implementation of AI in healthcare can pose ethical and governance challenges related to transparency, accountability, fairness, privacy, trust, and patient safety. This study aims to explore the global adoption of Ethical AI and map Responsible AI practices in healthcare using the People–Process–Technology framework. This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on the PRISMA framework using literature obtained from the Scopus database between 2023 and 2026, then 40 of 593 papers were selected after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings indicate that the implementation of Responsible AI in healthcare has evolved globally through governance frameworks, regulatory approaches, ethical standards, technical safeguards, and human-centered practices. Furthermore, this study identified key challenges associated with ethical AI adoption in healthcare across all People-Process-Technology dimensions. This research contributes by providing a structured mapping framework that can support the practical implementation of Responsible AI in healthcare.