Optimization of renewable energy sources integration into modern electric power grids

Abstract

Modern power systems are facing increasing demands for sustainability and reduction of harmful gas emissions, leading to a higher share of renewable energy sources in electricity generation. However, the integration of these sources, primarily solar and wind power plants, brings challenges in terms of intermittent generation, grid instability, and the need for flexible energy management. This paper analyzes the key technical and systemic aspects of renewable energy integration, including energy storage systems, smart grids, and production forecasting methods. Special focus is placed on the stability of the power system, load balancing, and network operation optimization. The results show that successful integration requires a combination of advanced technologies, digitalization, and appropriate regulatory frameworks. It is concluded that system flexibility and resilience are key factors for a sustainable energy transition.