Al-Bi'ah and Natural Harmony: The Thoughts of Yusuf Al-Qardhawi and Abdullah Bin Umar As-Suhaibani in the Prespective of Maqasid Syariah

Abstract

The increasing global environmental crisis, ranging from deforestation, pollution, to climate change, makes the study of fiqh al-bi'ah (environmental jurisprudence) an increasingly relevant field in contemporary Islamic studies. This study aims to comparatively analyze two main strands of thought in contemporary environmental fiqh, namely the maqashid shari'ah and mashlahah approaches formulated by Yusuf al-Qardhawi in Ri'ayat al-Bi'ah fi Syari'ah al-Islam (2001), and the classical ahkam fiqhiyyah approach compiled by Abdullah bin Umar as-Suhaibani in Ahkam al-Bi'ah fi al-Fiqh al-Islami (2008). This study uses a qualitative method based on library research with descriptive-comparative analysis. The results of the study show that although the two figures differ in methodology and scope of discussion, Qardhawi is philosophically ethical based on maqashid shari'ah, while as-Suhaibani is normative-legal based on the investigation of fiqh furu', the two thoughts do not contradict each other, but rather complement each other in building the foundation of natural harmony according to Islam, namely the principle of preserving (hifdh), not destroying (la ifsad), and utilizing the environment responsibly (isti'mar bi al-ma'ruf).