English terminology in the digital environment: neologization and polysemy in the era of artificial intelligence (by the example of the information technology sphere)

Abstract

The aim of the present study is to identify the main changes and problematic aspects of the development of modern lexicography and terminography in the context of digitalization, the interdisciplinarity of scientific knowledge, and the polysemy of terminological units. The article examines the current state of lexicography, analyzes the impact of digital technologies, and defines the limits of applicability of artificial intelligence in terminographic description. The study shows that the active expansion of vocabulary due to neologisms in the digital environment and the determinologization of vocabulary lead to a weakening of prescriptive attitudes and a transition toward a more flexible reflection of the dynamics of live speech. The scientific novelty of the study lies in systematizing the mechanisms of semantic transformation of terms in high-tech industries and in substantiating the need to combine corpus methods, big data, and linguistic analysis in the lexicographic processing of vocabulary. The obtained results showed the technological limitations of full automation of lexicographic processes. A neural network is prone to generating false information (hallucinations), handles polysemy poorly, makes errors in parts of speech, and provides repetitive examples. This necessitates maintaining the leading role of the terminologist when designing dictionaries.