SUBJECT-ORIENTED MODEL OF INNOVATION PROCESS IN INNOVATION COMMERCIALIZATION MANAGEMENT: ANALYSIS OF STAGES AND ROLE OF ACTORS

Abstract

The relevance of the study is due to the steady gap between the creation of innovation and its transformation into market innovation. According to OECD and WIPO reports, a significant part of the development does not achieve sustainable market application, despite the increase in costs. This gap in innovative management is often described through the metaphor of the “valley of death” – a critical section between the stages of research, development and commercial implementation, where a significant part of projects lose resource and organizational support. The purpose of the article is to justify the subject-oriented model of the innovation process as more suitable for managing commercialization compared to exclusively linear and abstract-system approaches and as a tool for analyzing and reducing the time lag between innovation and innovation. The methodological basis was a critical review of the literature, a comparative analysis of innovation process models and a logical reconstruction of the stages of commercialization. The article clarifies the differences between innovation and innovation, operationalizes the concept of time lag and proposes a framework for choosing a management strategy in three parameters: enterprise type, process stage and result criterion. The scientific novelty lies in the systematization of two competing positions – the thesis of the stage manageability of innovations and the counterthesis of the dominance of nonlinear intersubject interactions and in the translation of this dispute into the plane of verifiable managerial statements. Unlike existing models (linear, system and open), the proposed model introduces clear criteria for the transition between stages and associates them with specific subjects, resources and risks. The theoretical significance of the work lies in clarifying the subject of innovative management as management of transitions between stages, practical – in the formation of a matrix of solutions that allows to reduce the time lag at different stages of commercialization.