Internet of Things–Enabled Sensing and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Applications for Earthquake Preparedness and Real-Time Response

Abstract

This paper presents a systematic and bibliometric review investigating the role of emerging technologies, specifically the Internet of Things (IoT) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), in earthquake disaster management. Following the PRISMA 2020 framework, a structured search was conducted in the Scopus database covering publications up to 2025. The retrieved studies were screened and analyzed through quantitative bibliometric techniques to identify research trends, collaboration networks, and keyword co-occurrence patterns. Complementary qualitative content analysis was applied to classify the contributions of IoT and UAV technologies across the three main phases of disaster management: preparedness, response, and recovery. The findings indicate that IoT-based systems are predominantly utilized for real-time seismic monitoring, early warning dissemination, and data communication, while UAVs are extensively employed for rapid damage assessment, communication restoration, and logistics support in post-earthquake scenarios. The integrated use of IoT and UAVs strengthens situational awareness, enhances coordination efficiency, and promotes data-driven decision-making. The study concludes by highlighting research gaps in interoperability, data fusion, and energy efficiency, providing future directions for developing adaptive and collaborative frameworks for earthquake resilience.