Aug 2026· Actual problems of innovative economy and law· Vol 2026, pp. 72-79· 0 citations· 5 references
Abstract
In recent years, the continuous and rapid development of technological innovations, and above all digital innovations, has been radically transforming established processes in global production of goods and services, as well as production and supply chains. This is leading to flexible yet unstable development at all levels of the global economy, changing the nature of relationships among economic actors at the micro-, macro-, and meso-levels, and affecting all spheres of citizens’ lives. In this context, global crises are becoming a permanent feature and require public administration and business management systems to promptly identify and control manifestations of such disruptions in the socioeconomic environment and to select scientifically sound and relevant tools to ensure governability toward the sustainable development of society. This article identifies and substantiates the hypothesis that timely identified and well-founded trends lay the foundation for rethinking the nature of ongoing processes and analyzing the strategic behavior of both economic entities and authorized government bodies. It is argued that the key factor influencing socio-economic processes today is the war in Ukraine, as its consequences affect various regions of the world, causing serious problems for the global economy, characterized by a slowdown in growth, rapid inflation, and recession. It has been established that artificial intelligence (AI) technologies will have a key impact; therefore, the effective use of AI should be aimed at remaining flexible, understanding market needs, and constantly adapting to technological progress. Furthermore, investments in artificial intelligence solutions will enable companies not only to optimize business operations and reduce costs but also to provide customers with the expected value and experience. A proposal has been substantiated regarding the need for broad involvement of the domestic scientific community, with mandatory collaboration with European partners within the framework of European integration programs, to analyze and forecast identified trends with the aim of making them systematic and scientifically sound. Key objectives of state economic policy have been developed and proposed as a response to the challenges posed by global development trends.
Keywords: global trends, economic development, state economic policy, threats and challenges.
The article investigates the processes of transformation and development of the labor market for information technology (IT) professionals in Ukraine and globally from 2015 to 2025, outlining forecast trends up to 2030.
The modern digital economy generates unprecedented demand for highly qualified IT personnel, driven by the massive adoption of generative artificial intelligence (AI), cloud technologies, Big Data, and the automation of business processes.
The purpose of the article is to identify the patterns and specifics of the development of the IT professionals' labor market in Ukraine and globally for the period 2015–2025, define the key factors of supply and demand, analyze wage transformations, and establish forecast benchmarks up to 2030.
The methodological basis of the research relies on general scientific and specialized methods: system-structural, statistical, comparative analysis, and empirical generalization.
As a result of the study, three key stages of market development are identified: pre-pandemic growth, remote transformation during COVID-19, and adaptation to macroeconomic instability (2022–2025). The extraordinary resilience of the global and domestic IT markets to exogenous shocks (the COVID-19 pandemic, war) has been proven, which caused the industry to shift from quantitative growth to qualitative structural optimization.
A profound restructuring of demand and professional polarization is revealed: an exponential increase in the need for Senior-level specialists in AI/ML, Data Engineering, cybersecurity, and cloud computing against the backdrop of the risk of automating the basic tasks of Junior specialists.
The Ukrainian IT sector is successfully adapting by shifting away from traditional outsourcing toward product R&D centers, with Defense Tech emerging as a powerful hiring driver.
It is substantiated that the key challenge for maintaining competitiveness in the context of digitalization is the widespread adoption of continuous learning (upskilling and reskilling).
Recommendations are formulated to mitigate the talent shortage by fostering close synergy among the state, business, and higher education institutions to modernize educational programs.
G. Chornous, R. Nosko· THEORETICAL AND APPLIED ISSU...· 0 citations
Transnational corporations (TNCs) are increasingly acting not only as participants but also as key drivers of structural changes in the global economy, determining the directions of international trade, investment activities, and technological development. Therefore, studying the specific features of the impact of TNCs on international economic processes is of significant theoretical and practical importance for the development of effective economic policies in the context of global transformations.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of transnational corporations on the development of international trade and investment processes under conditions of global transformations, as well as to identify current trends in the functioning of TNCs in the world economy.
The research is based on the application of systemic analysis, comparative analysis, statistical generalization, economic analysis, and graphical interpretation of results. The information base of the study includes materials from UNCTAD, WTO, OECD, IMF, the World Bank, as well as scientific works of domestic and foreign scholars.
The findings indicate that transnational corporations remain leading actors in international economic relations and account for a significant share of global trade and foreign direct investment flows. The study confirms that TNCs are major drivers of global value chain formation, international technology transfer, and innovation development. It is substantiated that current global transformations, including digitalization, production regionalization, increasing geopolitical risks, and the implementation of ESG approaches, significantly influence the strategies and activities of transnational corporations.
The results of the study demonstrate that TNCs continue to play a crucial role in the global economy and largely determine the development trends of international trade and investment processes. The future development of transnational corporations will be shaped by the level of digitalization, business sustainability practices, and the transformation of global value chains.
Oksana Urban, S. Fedosov, O. Baula et al.· Economic scope· 0 citations
Over the last ten years, Bulgaria has changed in political, economic and social aspects and marked rising economic growth, which reached levels above the average in the EU. However, marine-related businesses and Black Sea economic sectors need more in-depth research due to the growing impact of the blue economy. This research paper summarizes some of the results of the project „Developing Optimal and Open Research Support for the Black Sea' (DOORS)”*. The project's purpose is to link citizens, science, and industry for critical Black Sea regeneration, stimulating a new wave of ‘blue economy’ opportunities. It brings together expertise and technology to address the human and climate change impacts on damaged ecosystems. Examination of the small or medium enterprises’ innovation activities in the blue economy at the national (macro level) and regional level (micro level), and to develop a corresponding model describing these activities. The major idea is to focus on the business units’ innovation activities regarding their geographical and regional locations. Furthermore, this examination should also respect the companies’ assets, capacities, and their capabilities regarding the blue and circular economy, and a model describing and analyzing these activities should be developed. To fulfill this goal, a survey method was applied with the purpose of collecting primary empirical data regarding innovation activities and results of SMEs in Black Sea economic sectors. The paper examines the role of human capital for the SME’s innovation success and the factors for SME’s innovation activities in the region. The study seeks to find a relationship between innovations and investment in human capital and, consequently, to look for the application of the approaches of these concepts with the purpose of economic development and growth in the blue economy.
Milen Baltov, Evgeniya P. Nikolova, Veselina G. Jecheva et al.· International Scientific Con...· 0 citations
Faced with objective global challenges and striving to develop within the global trend of the blue economy, the leading countries of Western Europe are successfully using new technologies, including digital technologies, which are shaping the path to a greener future and strengthening their positions in the global economy. This path is aimed at mitigating the most acute environmental risks, strengthening its presence in the blue technology markets, as well as maintaining international cooperation in relevant segments of the global economy and achieving sustainable development goals. The article consistently analyzes the situation in the development of the blue economy in Germany and France, identifies their priorities, revealing the internal logic and inherent contradictions of this process. It is concluded that Germany and France have come a long way towards developing a blue economy based on the formation of national and pan-European strategies, and remain Western European leaders in the relevant field. However, the authors conclude that upon closer examination, these strategies reveal their deeply adaptive and largely contradictory nature. The author substantiates the point of view on the need for a systemic transformation of the marine economy and leadership in new industries in the field of environmental protection, especially in the field of renewable energy sources (RES), in order to create new opportunities to strengthen national positions in the global market in the future. The methodological basis of the research consists of general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, historical and logical methods, as well as special research methods such as system analysis, comparative analysis. The official documents of the governments of France, Germany and other countries, data from international organizations and the works of leading experts in the field under consideration were used as a theoretical and analytical base.
E. Sokolova, L. P. Timoshenko· International Trade and Trad...· 0 citations
The relevance of this study is driven by the rapid growth of IT services in global trade and their transformation into a strategic resource for economic development amid digitalization, geopolitical instability, and deep transformations of global value and service chains. Despite the extensive body of literature addressing individual aspects of IT services development, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of the international IT services market as an integrated system simultaneously changing in volume, geography, sectoral structure, and technological drivers. The purpose of the article is to identify key trends, dynamics, and structural changes in the international IT services market under current conditions of global transformations. The methodological basis of the study comprises a set of general scientific and specialized methods: statistical analysis, comparative analysis, structural analysis, graphical method, and generalization. The information base was formed using data from the World Bank, Trade Map, World Integrated Trade Solution, the World Trade Organization, and international analytical companies for 2020–2024, with forecast estimates through 2030. The study finds that global exports of information and communication services grew from USD 785.48 billion in 2020 to USD 1,260.00 billion in 2024, representing a 60.4% increase. The global IT services market expanded from USD 0.99 trillion to USD 1.47 trillion over the same period, with projections reaching USD 2.59 trillion by 2030. The geographic structure of ICT services exports is highly concentrated: in 2024, leading positions were held by Ireland (24.5%), India (14.4%), the United States (7.4%), China (5.3%), and the United Kingdom (4.9%). The sectoral structure of the market is shifting from traditional technical support towards complex integrated services, dominated by IT solutions development and implementation (30%) and IT systems management (26%). Key technological drivers identified include cloud computing, artificial intelligence, big data, cybersecurity, digital platforms, and business process automation. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the comprehensive integration of multiple levels of analysis of the international IT services market, enabling its examination as a unified system changing simultaneously in scale, structure, geography, and technological content. The practical value of the findings lies in their applicability by IT companies, public authorities, and investors for developing digital sector strategies and defining priorities in digital economy and IT services export policy.
O. Bulkot, Oleksandr Ye. Kuznetsov· Problemi Ekonomiki· 0 citations