Effect of Project Planning Practices on the Performance of a Water Supply Project: A Case of the Kigali Water Network Project in Kicukiro District, Rwanda

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of project planning on the performance of water supply projects in Kicukiro District, Rwanda. Data were collected using questionnaires, interviews, and document review. Quantitative data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) through descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, including correlation and multiple regression analysis, while qualitative data were analysed using thematic and content analysis. Risk management planning had a positive and statistically significant effect on project performance (β = 0.23, t = 4.60, p < 0.001), indicating that effective risk identification and mitigation improve project implementation and service delivery. Communication planning also had a significant positive effect (β = 0.31, t = 6.15, p < 0.001), demonstrating that effective communication systems and stakeholder engagement enhance project coordination and implementation. Human resource planning significantly influenced project performance (β = 0.28, t = 5.75, p < 0.001), indicating that skilled personnel, teamwork, and effective workforce management contribute substantially to project success. Financial resource planning emerged as the strongest predictor of project performance (β = 0.36, t = 7.20, p < 0.001), suggesting that sound budgeting, efficient resource allocation, and financial forecasting are critical for timely project completion and long-term sustainability. The study concluded that effective project planning practices significantly enhance the performance of water supply projects in Kicukiro District. Project managers should prioritise strengthening risk management practices, given that risk management planning showed a significant positive effect on project performance.