Research on a grid-forming frequency regulation control strategy with adaptive damping and inertia based on linear active disturbance rejection control (LADRC)

Abstract

To enhance the frequency support capability of wind–storage systems under high wind power penetration and alleviate the coupling among virtual inertia, damping, and active-power–frequency branch parameters in conventional grid-forming/virtual synchronous generator control, this paper proposes a damping–inertia adaptive grid-forming frequency regulation strategy for energy storage based on linear active disturbance rejection control. On the basis of rapid angular frequency control using LADRC, adaptive regulation loops for virtual damping and virtual inertia are introduced according to the frequency deviation and the rate of change of frequency. Moreover, a small-signal model of the active-power–frequency control channel is established to analyze the parameter coupling mechanism and closed-loop dynamic characteristics. MATLAB simulation results show that, under a step load disturbance, the maximum overshoot of the proposed method is 0.1096, which is reduced by 32.8 and 33.9% compared with conventional LADRC and conventional GFM control, respectively. In the disturbance scenario where the wind speed increases from 8 to 10 m/s, the system frequency peak is reduced to 50.038 Hz, outperforming conventional LADRC at 50.043 Hz and conventional GFM control at 50.055 Hz. The results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can improve the frequency support capability, dynamic response performance, and disturbance rejection capability of wind–storage systems.