Factors Associated with Postoperative Urinary Retention After Sigmoid Colon and Rectal Cancer Surgery in Men: The Role of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Prostate Enlargement, and Tumor Level
TL;DR
Postoperative urinary retention is a frequent complication after colorectal surgery and may adversely affect postoperative recovery and may adversely affect postoperative recovery in male patients undergoing surgery for sigmoid colon or rectal adenocarcinoma, with particular emphasis on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate enlargement, and tumor level.
Abstract
Objective: Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a frequent complication after colorectal surgery and may adversely affect postoperative recovery. This study aimed to evaluate factors independently associated with POUR in male patients undergoing surgery for sigmoid colon or rectal adenocarcinoma, with particular emphasis on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate enlargement, and tumor level. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 111 male patients who underwent emergency or elective resection for sigmoid colon or rectal adenocarcinoma between January 2022 and December 2025. POUR was defined as failure to void after catheter removal requiring recatheterization. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors independently associated with POUR. A sensitivity analysis was conducted by replacing clinical BPH with CT-defined prostate enlargement (prostate volume ≥30 mL). Results: POUR occurred in 32 patients (28.8%). In the main multivariable model, increasing age (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02–1.15; p=0.015), preoperative BPH (OR: 16.85, 95% CI: 5.05–56.23; p