Human health detection system based on STM32

Abstract

Against the backdrop of increasing population aging, cardiovascular diseases have become a major threat to the health of the elderly. As age increases, vascular elasticity declines and metabolic function deteriorates, leading to a significant rise in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, often accompanied by underlying conditions such as hypertension and diabetes, further exacerbating health risks. Statistics show that cardiovascular diseases not only severely affect the quality of life of the elderly but also impose a heavy medical burden on families and society. To address the issues of complex operation, lack of real-time monitoring, and unsuitability for daily health management in traditional health monitoring devices, this paper designs and implements a portable heart rate and blood oxygen saturation detection system based on the STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller. The system uses a MAX30102 sensor as the core component, employing photoplethysmography (PPG) to acquire real-time heart rate and SpO2 data, and displays the measurement results on an OLED screen. Users can set alarm thresholds via independent buttons. When the detected heart rate exceeds the preset range or SpO2 falls below the lower limit, the system automatically triggers a buzzer and LED for audible and visual alarm, while saving the threshold parameters to internal Flash memory to ensure non-volatile storage. The system software adopts a modular design and incorporates a Kalman filter to smooth the raw data, effectively suppressing measurement noise. Experimental results demonstrate that the system operates stably, with heart rate error within ±2 bpm and SpO2 error within ±1%, and a response time of approximately 2–3 seconds, meeting the requirements for daily home health monitoring. The device features low cost, low power consumption, and simple operation, offering a portable and intelligent solution for cardiovascular health management in an aging society