Periodontal risk assessment in patients with periodontal disease at medical center in Phu Vang District, Thua Thien Hue Province

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to assess the periodontal risk profiles of patients with periodontal disease visiting the Health Center in Phu Vang District, Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 200 patients diagnosed with gingivitis or periodontitis from May 2023 to July 2024. Periodontal risk was evaluated using the “Periodontal Risk Assessment” (PRA) tool by Lang and Tonetti (2003). The model analyzed six functional parameters: percentage of bleeding on probing, number of sites with probing pocket depth ≥ 5 mm, number of missing teeth, bone loss/age ratio, presence of diabetes mellitus, and smoking habits. Results: The distribution of periodontal risk levels among the participants was: low risk (37%), moderate risk (47%), and high risk (16%). Risk levels showed a significant correlation with demographic factors, including male gender, age over 40, marital status, and agricultural labor (p < 0.05). Furthermore, clinical parameters such as the stage and grade of periodontitis were strongly associated with risk levels, with 100% of Grade C patients being classified as high risk. Conclusion: The study population predominantly exhibited a moderate level of periodontal risk. The PRA tool effectively identifies and analyzes risk factors, facilitating timely clinical interventions and personalized treatment planning for patients with periodontal disease.