Construction standards for expressway emergency command and intelligent dispatch systems

Abstract

Expressway emergency response in many regions relies on fragmented, ad-hoc systems with inconsistent capabilities because unified technical construction standards are lacking. This paper proposes a five-layer construction standards framework for expressway emergency command and intelligent dispatch systems, covering system architecture, functional requirements, performance metrics, data interfaces, and deployment guidelines. Unlike general intelligent transportation system (ITS) architecture standards such as ISO 14817, the framework provides emergency-response-specific requirements, including quantitative performance targets, a formally defined dispatch-optimization model, and standardized inter-agency coordination protocols tailored to expressway incidents. A discrete event simulation evaluates response performance under three compliance levels (no standardized system, partial, and full) across minor, moderate, and major incidents. Over 450 simulated incidents, full compliance reduces average response time by 81.0-81.6% and coordination delay by 93.6-95.0%, and improves resource utilization by 94.2-131.9% relative to ad-hoc implementations, with consistent gains across incident scales. A phased deployment strategy is proposed. These simulation-based estimates require field calibration, but they indicate that standardized, intelligence-enabled systems can substantially improve expressway emergency response.