Effects of Haemodialysis on Serum Lipid Profile in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Objective: To compare the lipid parameters in Chronic Kidney disease patients undergoing haemodialysis with those on conservative management. Study Design: Comparative cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Chemical Pathology and Endocrinology Department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from Jul to Dec 2023. Methodology: The study was conducted on Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) patients. Blood sample was collected in gel bottles and centrifuged at 3000 revolution per minute for 5 minutes. The lipid profile and Renal Function Tests (RFTs) were analyzed on clinical chemistry auto-analyzer. Results: A total of 257 patients of CKD, 147 on conservative management (Group A) and 110 on hemodialysis (Group B) were selected. Patients on hemodialysis with advance CKD, displayed significantly elevated median Total Cholesterol (4.67mmol/L versus 3.48mmol/L), LDL-Cholesterol (2.53mmol/L versus 1.80mmol/L), Non-HDL Cholesterol (3.71mmol/L versus 2.48mmol/L), Non-HDL to HDL-Cholesterol ratio (3.99mmol/L versus 2.36mmol/L) and Triglyceride (1.98mmol/L versus 1.54mmol/L)(p<0.05), while HDL-Cholesterol (0.81mmol/L versus 1.01mmol/L)was significantly lower (p<0.001) as compared to conservative managed patients. Total Cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, Non-HDL-Cholesterol, and Non-HDL to HDL-Cholesterol ratio showed significant positive association with serum creatinine, while HDL-Cholesterol exhibited a negative correlation with serum creatinine (p<0.05). Conclusion: The progression of dyslipidemia is directly related to the stages of CKD. Therefore, early monitoring of lipid profiles in patients on hemodialysis with advance CKD is crucial to decrease risk which may reduce mortality and morbidity associated with cardiovascular disease among these patients.