Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting in Dental Practice and the Importance of Pharmacovigilance in Dental Education

Abstract

Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a critical component of patient safety; however, ADR monitoring remains underutilized in dentistry. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding ADR reporting among undergraduate and postgraduate students and practicing dentists. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using a structured, validated 19-item questionnaire covering socio-demographics, knowledge (6 items), attitude (4 items), and practice (5 items), which was distributed both in person and online. A total of 258 complete responses were analyzed out of 300 individuals contacted (response rate: 86%). Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were applied, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: Among participants, 29% were male, and 71% were female; 29.4% were undergraduates, and 71.6% were postgraduates/practitioners. While 98% recognized the importance of ADR reporting, only 7.3% had received formal training in pharmacovigilance, and 71.7% were unaware of reporting procedures. Nearly 46.5% had encountered ADRs in clinical practice. Despite adequate knowledge and positive attitudes, actual reporting practices were limited. Conclusions: Although awareness and attitudes toward ADR reporting were favorable, significant gaps exist in formal training and reporting practices. Integrating structured pharmacovigilance education into dental curricula may enhance ADR reporting and improve patient safety outcomes.