EVALUATION OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE IN PREECLAMPSIA: A RETROSPECTIVE AND CONCURRENT STUDY AT RSUP DR. HASAN SADIKIN BANDUNG

Abstract

Increased awareness of preeclampsia as a medical emergency has driven intensive management efforts. Preeclampsia significantly contributes to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, requiring appropriate therapy. This study evaluated the rationality of antihypertensive drug use in patients with preeclampsia at RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin (RSHS) Bandung, in accordance with the 2024 RSHS Clinical Practice Guidelines for Obstetrics and Gynecology. The evaluation criteria included the appropriateness of the diagnosis, patient, medication, dose, route, and administration interval. This observational descriptive study used retrospective and concurrent data collection. Retrospective data were obtained from medical records (January–December 2024), while concurrent data were collected through direct monitoring in December 2025. Inclusion criteria targeted inpatients diagnosed with preeclampsia with complete medical records. Exclusion criteria included patients not receiving antihypertensives, those with pre-existing chronic conditions, unrelated pregnancy complications, or mortality before termination. The study involved 101 retrospective and 11 concurrent subjects. Results across both methods showed 100% appropriateness for all six criteria: diagnosis, patient, medication, dose, route, and administration interval. These findings indicate high rationality in the use of antihypertensives at RSHS Bandung. Statistical analysis using the Mann-Whitney U test showed no significant difference in effectiveness between the two data collection methods. Furthermore, One-Way ANOVA tests revealed that the combination of methyldopa, nifedipine, and nicardipine produced the most significant blood pressure reduction in severe preeclampsia, supporting the combination therapy recommended in clinical guidelines. Keywords: Preeclampsia, Antihypertensive, Rationality, Retrospective, Concurrent