Artificial Intelligence and Decision-Making in the Peacetime Air Defence of National Critical Infrastructure

Abstract

This article explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in enhancing decision-making processes for the air defence (AD) of national critical infrastructure (NCI). To test the hypothesis and examine the applicability of AI systems within current governance and defence structures, the article uses a qualitative analytical approach based on comparative analysis of relevant policy documents, doctrinal materials, and academic literature. The article also addresses the challenges posed by contemporary aerial threats, including the weaponisation of civilian platforms and drone proliferation, outlining the need for adaptive governance mechanisms. Furthermore, it discusses the importance of incorporating AI-assisted decision-support systems within national and institutional frameworks to enhance coordination between civilian and military actors. The findings recommend a governance-oriented approach to AI in AD that balances new ideas, ethics, and accountability to improve resilience and protect NCI from new security challenges.