The Use of Surveillance Drones for Search and Rescue Operations: An Islamic Approach to Harm Prevention and Public Interest

Abstract

The integration of surveillance drone technology in Search and Rescue (SAR) operations is increasingly important in enhancing emergency response effectiveness, particularly in geographically diverse environments such as Negara Brunei Darussalam. Challenges such as dense jungle areas, extensive river networks, and limited physical access frequently hinder the implementation of conventional SAR operations, causing critical delays and increasing risks to victims and rescue personnel. This study examines the application of surveillance drones in improving SAR operations through real-time aerial monitoring, faster area coverage, and enhanced situational awareness. The study employs a qualitative approach through conceptual analysis of academic literature, journal articles, books, and official reports related to drone applications in SAR. This study also analyses drone technology use from an Islamic perspective, focusing on the principles of harm prevention and public interest. The maxim La Darar wa La Dirar is highlighted to demonstrate how drone use minimises potential harm during rescue missions, while Maslahah Mursalah supports the application of this technology for the overall benefit of society. Findings show that the integration of surveillance drones in SAR operations in Brunei is fully consistent with Islamic principles through enhanced efficiency, safety, and the protection of human life, thereby supporting wider implementation of this technology within the nation's emergency response strategy.