Entrepreneurship Education and Green Economy Literacy as Determinants of Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention: The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effects of entrepreneurship education and green economy literacy on sustainable entrepreneurial intention, with self-efficacy as a mediating variable. A quantitative approach was employed using purposive sampling involving 128 university students in Jakarta who had completed or were enrolled in entrepreneurship courses. Data were collected using multi-item instruments adapted from previous entrepreneurship and sustainability studies and measured on a five-point Likert scale. Measurement adequacy was established through outer loadings ≥0.70, AVE ≥0.50, Cronbach’s Alpha and Composite Reliability ≥0.70, and the Fornell–Larcker criterion. Data were analyzed using SEM-PLS with 5,000 bootstrap resamples. The results show that entrepreneurship education (β = 0.381) and green economy literacy (β = 0.426) significantly enhance self-efficacy, while self-efficacy significantly increases sustainable entrepreneurial intention (β = 0.548). Self-efficacy significantly mediates the relationships between entrepreneurship education, green economy literacy, and sustainable entrepreneurial intention (β = 0.222, p < 0.001). Universities should embed green literacy into entrepreneurship curricula through sustainability case studies, green business projects, and incubation and mentoring activities designed to provide practical mastery experiences and strengthen students’ self-efficacy for sustainable entrepreneurship.