The Effects of Technology-Enhanced Instruction on Student Achievement in Technology and Livelihood Education towards Instructional Model Development

Abstract

Technology-enhanced instruction (TEI) has become an important component of modern education, supporting engagement, diverse learning styles, and student learning outcomes. This study assessed the effects of TEI on student achievement in Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) among 50 students in a public secondary school in the Schools Division of General Trias. Using a modified survey questionnaire and academic records, the study employed a descriptive-correlational design to examine the relationship between technology use and students’ TLE performance.The study was limited to TLE students from one selected school and excluded other subject areas, schools, experimental interventions, and long-term tracking. Findings showed that TEI supported accessible, engaging, and skills-oriented learning experiences. It was strongly associated with practical skills, conceptual understanding, real-life application, and problem-solving; however, it did not significantly predict student achievement dimensions. Thus, the null hypothesis was not rejected. Technology served mainly as a supportive instructional resource alongside teaching strategies, learner characteristics, teacher competence, instructional materials, and hands-on practice.Future studies may involve larger samples across several schools and compare technology-enhanced and conventional classes. Schools should continue integrating TEI with teacher training, reliable digital resources, equitable access, demonstrations, guided practice, collaboration, and authentic hands-on TLE activities.