A Fractional-Order Nonlinear Model for The Transmission Dynamics of Ebola Virus Disease with Quarantine, Vaccination, and Condom Use

Abstract

This paper presents a non-linear fractional-order mathematical model for the transmission dynamics of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), incorporating key control measures such as quarantine, vaccination, and condom use. The model employs fractional calculus to account for memory effects in disease progression and divides the population into relevant epidemiological compartments governed by a system of fractional differential equations. Analytical results, including the derivation of the basic reproduction number and stability analysis of equilibrium points, are used to determine conditions for disease control or persistence. Numerical simulations highlight the influence of the fractional order and demonstrate that the combined implementation of intervention strategies significantly reduces disease spread. The study emphasizes the relevance of fractional-order modeling in capturing realistic dynamics and provides insights for effective EVD control strategies.