Evaluation of Pro Inflammatory Cytokines and Genetic Polymorphismin Postmenopausal Bone Loss

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate variations in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum along with gene polymorphism and loss of bone mass in women after menopause.Methods: 81 females in their active reproductive life (ages 20 – 40 years) and 81 postmenopausal women (ages 50 years and above) took part in cross sectional study. Concentration of serum cytokines were analyzed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Genotyping for TLR4 (C1196T) SNP rs 4986791 was carried out using the PCR method and sequencing. Measurement of BMD was done by DXA scan (Hologic Discovery (QDR series) on hip bone, lumbar spine and femoral neck of recruited subjects. Anthropometric assessment was carried out. For quantitative variables Student ttest was used and linear correlation coefficient were done for qualitative variables (p<0.5). Chi –square and fisher exact tests were applied for comparison and association of qualitative variables among women of active reproductive age and women who passed their active reproductive age. pvalueof <0.05 would be considered statistically significant.Results: A meaningful correlation was identified among IL-1, and TNF-á with BMD at femur, hip bone and femoral neck. Study has identified frequency of both homozygous and heterozygous genotypes in osteopenic women. A 20% T allele higher rate of occurrence was found in women with low bone mass compared to normal women. We observed a negative and significant association with BMD and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Significant relationship between CT & TT genotypes was recognizedwith TNF-á and age. T allele exhibited strongly linked to low bone density.Conclusions: Serum cytokines enhances the forecast of bone loss in group of women experiencing menopause. Correlation of T allele was identified among osteopenic pre and postmenopausal women. Significant correlation between heterozygous (CT) and mutant genotypes (TT) was also noticed with age and TNFá, done by Pearson correlation coefficient.