Coordinated Multi-Objective Optimization of PV and SVC Integration in Radial Distribution Networks: Application to the Maradi Power System

Abstract

This study presents a coordinated optimization methodology for the simultaneous placement and sizing of photovoltaic (PV) generators and static var compensators (SVC) in radial distribution networks. The objective is to address the challenges of intermittency and voltage profile degradation in regions with high solar radiation, such as the Maradi network in Niger. Using the NSGA-II (non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm), the problem is formulated as a bi-objective optimization aimed at minimizing active losses and voltage deviation. The results obtained on the real 123-node Maradi network demonstrate exceptional performance: a reduction in active and reactive losses of 77.89 % and 78.22 %, respectively. The minimum voltage of the network increased from 0.8917 p.u. to 0.9553 p.u., while voltage deviation was reduced to its absolute minimum of 0.0454 p.u. This approach far surpasses conventional methods of placing single DERs (Distributed Energy Resources), confirming that the synergy between active power injection (PV) and reactive compensation (SVC) is essential for the modernization and efficiency of electrical infrastructure in the Sahel.