Physical Activity Behavior Among Medical and Non-medical University Students in the UAE: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Although global awareness of physical activity benefits is rising, most university students in the UAE still do not meet physical activity recommendations. The aim was to compare physical activity levels, their cognitive determinants, reasons for participation and non-participation in physical activity, and sedentary behavior, between Emirati female students enrolled in medical (health professions programs [HPP]) and non-medical programs in the UAE.Methods: A cross-sectional comparative design was used. 75 female Emirati students (40 from medical and 35 from non-medical programs) were recruited using convenience sampling. Data was collected using the Arab Teens Lifestyle Study (ATLS) and the Cognitive Behavioral Physical Activity questionnaires (CBPAQ). Group comparisons were examined using independent t-tests, Chi-square, and Fisher’s exact tests.Results: No significant difference in physical activity levels or categories was found between the two groups. Among the cognitive behavior determinants, only personal barriers were significantly higher among medical students (P = 0.023). The groups differed significantly in reasons for participating (P = 0.0001) and not participating (P = 0.007) in physical activity. Medical students cited health improvement (52.9%) and weight loss (41.1%) as key motivators, while non-medical students emphasized relaxation (42.8%). Time constraints were the predominant barrier for medical students (75.8%), and lack of motivation for non-medical students (44.8%).Conclusion: Although physical activity levels were not significantly different between groups, medical students reported more personal barriers. Differences in reasons for participation and non-participation suggest that Emirati medical students are more health-driven, while Emirati non-medical students prioritize relaxation. Time constraints were the most common barrier in both groups.