Partisipasi Pria Usia Subur Dalam Penggunaan Kondom Berdasarkan Theory Of Planned Behavior: Studi Fenomenologi Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bunta

Abstract

This study explored the experiences, meanings, and forms of participation of men of reproductive age in condom use and interpreted them through the Theory of Planned Behavior. A qualitative descriptive phenomenological design was employed in the Bunta Health Center service area, Banggai Regency, in June 2026. Seven married men of reproductive age were purposively selected until data saturation was reached. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, field notes, and document review, and were analyzed thematically while maintaining credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability. Three main themes emerged: men’s understanding, perceptions, and experiences of condoms; forms of male participation; and relational and contextual factors influencing participation. All participants understood the functions of condoms, but only two had ever used them. Attitudes toward condoms were ambivalent: participants recognized their benefits and practicality, yet discomfort, perceived loss of sensation, and established reliance on wives’ contraceptive methods limited acceptance. Subjective norms were primarily shaped by wives’ responses and social sensitivity, whereas perceived behavioral control was influenced by practical skills, confidence, and utilization of health services. Male participation therefore operated as a continuum, ranging from communication and support to direct condom use. Family planning services should provide male-friendly education, private counseling, and couple-based decision support to strengthen shared reproductive responsibility.