Rancang Bangun Smart Gate Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) untuk Sistem Pencatatan Pengunjung Perpustakaan Universitas Borneo Tarakan

Abstract

The Library of Universitas Borneo Tarakan still uses a manual visitor recording process, which may lead to delays in recording, data discrepancies, and limited monitoring of visitor activity. This study aims to design and develop a visitor recording system integrated with an Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart gate. The system was developed using the Rapid Application Development (RAD) model, consisting of requirements planning, design, construction, and implementation stages. The system uses RFID as an identification medium, a microcontroller as the control center, a stepper motor to operate the smart gate, Firebase Realtime Database as the IoT communication medium, and Laravel and MySQL as the web-based data management system. System testing included RFID reading, smart gate, black box, IoT communication, recording conformity, and response time tests. Testing was conducted using 25 UIDs with 45 recording processes, while IoT communication was tested at distances of 1, 5, 10, and 15 meters. The results showed that all 45 processes produced outputs consistent with the expected conditions, with a conformity rate of 100%. IoT communication achieved 0% packet loss at all tested distances, with an average system response time of 1,235.3 ms or approximately 1.23 seconds. The system can perform visitor recording, UID verification, smart gate control, and visitor data monitoring through a web-based system.