Changes in the diagnosis and management of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents based on recommendations from scientific societies over the last decade

Abstract

Introduction The paper presents a systematic review of current guidelines from scientific societies regarding polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adolescents published over the past decade. Aim of the study To summarize and compare recent international and national PCOS guidelines with emphasis on areas of consensus and divergence. Material and methods A systematic review of guidelines published between 2015 and 2025 was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 statement. Ultimately, twelve documents containing adolescent-specific content were included. Results In adolescents with PCOS, clinical symptoms of hyperandrogenism and menstrual irregularities are the main diagnostic criteria, whereas polycystic ovarian morphology and anti-Müllerian hormone concentration are not considered reliable indicators in adolescents. The current approach to PCOS also emphasizes the assessment and management of metabolic and psychological comorbidities. Conclusions The diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in girls require a separate approach related to age and ongoing puberty. According to the latest recommendations, lifestyle changes should be a mandatory part of therapy regardless of the background of the presented disorder. The pharmacological treatment should be tailored to the dominant symptoms.