Case Report: A diagnostic dilemma: metachronous pancreatic metastasis from high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma

Abstract

Background Ovarian cancer, a leading cause of gynecological cancer mortality, rarely metastasizes to the pancreas. This review seeks to consolidate knowledge about metachronous pancreatic metastases from ovarian cancer, emphasizing clinical presentations, diagnostic challenges, treatment options and outcomes. Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library between 1989 and December 2023. Only studies with histological proof of ovarian cancer metastasis to the pancreas were considered. Results We identified 7 studies that reported a total of 8 cases. Most metastases originated from a primary high-grade serous carcinoma. The treatment options varied and included surgical excision and chemotherapy; we considered both radiological and histological outcomes. Conclusions Although rare, metachronous pancreatic metastases from ovarian cancer pose a unique clinical challenge. Elucidating this possible metastatic pathway may enhance patient outcomes and help identify the most appropriate management.