A crosscultural investigation of sustainable agriculture and sustainable food systems - The economic, social and environmental considerations
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture has garnered greater attention as a key factor for ensuring future global food security and mitigating environmental degradation and climate change/sustainable development. With the continued growth of the world population, agricultural systems are facing mounting challenges to meet the increasing demand for food while reducing environmental negative impacts. This paper analyzes the importance of agricultural sustainability for sustainable development and it therefore analyzes the extent to which it is pivotal to the accomplishment of major sustainable development goals (2 Zero Hunger, 12 Responsible consumption and production, 13 Climate Action, 15 Life on land). Particular attention is given to China and the United States, India and the EU as the world's largest agricultural producers, to examine how different agricultural systems contribute to sustainable development under contrasting economic, environmental, and policy contexts. Importance of study: This study is unique in the fact that it studies agriculture as a system of providing food but also generating economic, social and environmental sustainability. Policies, researchers, businesses, and farm communities focused on the pursuit of productivity levels that are environmentally responsible and socially beneficial need to understand how sustainable agricultural practices can facilitate long-term development. This article employs a qualitative literature review to examine academic journal articles, United Nations reports, and policy documents as well as case studies from various geographic areas. The relevant literature was systematically reviewed with a critical lens to determine common themes, key findings, challenges, and opportunities related to sustainable agriculture. The analysis primarily draws on evidence from China and the United States, while incorporating selected international literature to provide broader context and comparison.