Evaluation of new genotypes in the breeding of Pyrus communis L.

Abstract

Abstract. Crimea is considered a region of successful intensive gardening with favorable conditions for growing fruit crops, including pears. The pear is one of the leading and most promising pome crops in the southern region of the Russian Federation. Pears, with their high nutritional value, are in high demand. However, average annual production only meets 10-16 % of demand. At the same time, the development of adaptive fruit growing implies the cultivation of competitive varieties. As a result of many years of work, Crimean breeders have identified and included 23 pear varieties, bred by the Crimean Experimental Horticultural Station and the Nikitsky Botanical Garden, in the state register of breeding achievements approved for use. Currently, the assortment of this crop requires the development of genotypes with a range of economic and biological traits: resistance to major diseases, winter and frost hardiness, and consistently high yields with fruits of excellent taste and marketability. Therefore, the aim of the research was to study and identify new promising pear varieties. As a result of many years of breeding work, patents were received in 2026 for new pear varieties: Aromat Kryma (patent no. 14535 dated January 20, 2026) and Gloria (patent no. 14545 dated January 20, 2026). Pear varieties selected for this complex of traits are recommended for use in breeding work and for cultivation in intensive plantings in the south of the Russian Federation. Keywords: pear, variety, fruit quality, yield, drought resistance, frost resistance, patent Acknowledgements: The research was conducted under public assignment № FNNS 2025-0005.